The effects of teaching phonics and reading strategies in L2 French: an experimental trial in UK secondary schools

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Applied Linguistics Lunchtime Seminar Series Event

This study investigated the effects of phonics and reading strategy instruction amongst beginner learners of L2 French in English secondary schools (a context facing persistent problems of low L2 motivation and achievement). It built on a previous study in the same context (Macaro & Erler, 2008), which found positive effects for a combined reading strategy and phonics intervention. A cluster randomized control trial was conducted with a sample of 900 learners in 36 schools. Participants were explicitly taught either (a) phonics, (b) strategies or (c) neither phonics nor strategies.

All three groups also read eight linguistically challenging ‘pedagogical texts’, designed to engage learners’ interest as well as to exemplify particular French grapheme-phoneme correspondences and to facilitate the use of particular strategies. The teaching took around 20 minutes per week over 16 weeks. Participants completed measures of reading comprehension, phonological decoding, strategy use, self-efficacy and vocabulary knowledge (amongst other variables) at three time points: immediately before, immediately after and six months after the interventions. Outcomes were analysed using multi-level models to account for covariation within clusters (schools), and controlling for students’ prior academic attainment. Between times 1 and 2, all three groups were found to make significant progress in French reading comprehension. However, there was no evidence that any of the three programmes of instruction was more effective than the others in improving reading outcomes.

There was a significant advantage for the Phonics group in terms of progress in phonological decoding; and for both the Phonics and Strategies groups (particularly the former) in terms of vocabulary gains. Learners in all three groups, but especially the Strategies group, became more confident in reading challenging texts in French. There was also some evidence of an advantage for the Strategies group in terms of the development of strategic behaviour. Between times 2 and 3, there was a levelling off of progress on all variables, and no statistically significant advantage for any of the groups over the others.

All three programmes of instruction were received highly positively by the teachers and students who took part; in particular, they enjoyed the cultural content of the texts, which they felt offered rich opportunities for developing French reading skills. Overall, we conclude that an integrated approach to French reading instruction – combining explicit instruction in both Strategies and Phonics with the use of appropriately challenging, engaging texts – is likely to be more beneficial than any of these approaches in isolation; and that such an approach needs to be sustained over time

About the Department of Education

In 2019, the University of Oxford’s Department of Education celebrates the 100th year since the passing of a statute creating what was known in 1919 as the University Department for the Training of Teachers. To celebrate our centenary a year-long series of activities will be delivered to address some of the department’s top initiatives for 2019, answer some of the big questions facing education today and to reveal the advancements the department has made to the study of and research in the field of education. Join us as we mark our 100th year and discover more about our anniversary here.

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Event Details

Tuesday 26 February 2019
13:00 - 14:00
Seminar Room G

Event Speakers

Dr Robert Woore, University of Oxford