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Department of Education

Julian Gardiner

Research Officer / Statistician

College Affiliation: Wadham College

Julian Gardiner is working for Professor Edward Melhuish on a number of studies focusing on the potential influence of children’s early home and pre-school / nursery experiences on later educational attainment. These include the Study of Early Education and Development (SEED) project.

The statistical analyses of data from these projects uses methods including multilevel modelling, multiple imputation and trajectory analysis. Other recent work has included research into the educational progress of looked after children.

Julian Gardiner completed his PhD in Applied Statistics / Epidemiology in 2005 at the University of Cambridge. The thesis was on the application of Bayesian methods to correcting measurement error in dietary data in epidemiological studies. Since then he has have worked in a number of roles in the fields of epidemiology and child development / education. In 2006-7 he worked in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge on studies of mental health issues in adolescents. There followed two years at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Department of Epidemiology and Population Health working on statistical analyses for studies of infectious diseases and maternal health. In 2010-13 he was employed at Birkbeck, University of London in the Institute for the Study of Children, Families & Social Issues working on modelling data from the Millennium Cohort Study and the National Evaluation of Sure Start. Research included investigating the effects of parental age on children’s physical, social and cognitive development. Since then he has held posts at University College London working on cohort studies of health and ageing in Eastern Europe, and at Imperial College London contributing to research on musculoskeletal health. He joined the Oxford University Department of Education in July 2015.

Publications:

  • Featured Publications

    • Horvat, P, Gardiner, J, Kubinova, R, Pajak, A, Tamosiunas, A, Schöttker, B, Pikhart, H, Peasey, A, Jansen, E, Bobak, M (2016) “Serum folate, vitamin B-12 and cognitive function in middle and older age: The HAPIEE study”, Experimental Gerontology.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2016.01.011

    • Gardiner, J, Sutcliffe, AG, Melhuish, E, Barnes, J (2015) “Paternal Age, Paternal Presence and Children's Health: An Observational Study.”, Pediatric reports.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5659

    • Schöttker, B, Brenner, H, Jansen, EHJM, Gardiner, J, Peasey, A, Kubínová, R, Pająk, A, Topor-Madry, R, Tamosiunas, A, Saum, K-U, Holleczek, B, Pikhart, H, Bobak, M (2015) “Evidence for the free radical/oxidative stress theory of ageing from the CHANCES consortium: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.”, BMC medicine.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0537-7

    • Schöttker, B, Jorde, R, Peasey, A, Thorand, B, Jansen, EHJM, Groot, LD, Streppel, M, Gardiner, J, Ordóñez-Mena, JM, Perna, L, Wilsgaard, T, Rathmann, W, Feskens, E, Kampman, E, Siganos, G, Njølstad, I, Mathiesen, EB, Kubínová, R, Pająk, A, Topor-Madry, R, Tamosiunas, A, Hughes, M, Kee, F, Bobak, M, Trichopoulou, A, Boffetta, P, Brenner, H, Consortium on Health and Ageing: Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (2014) “Vitamin D and mortality: meta-analysis of individual participant data from a large consortium of cohort studies from Europe and the United States.”, BMJ (Clinical research ed.).
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g3656

  • Book chapters

    • GARDINER, J, Bolton, C, Sutcliffe, A, MELHUISH, E (2019) “The Educational Progress of Children in Out of Home Care in the UK”, In: Education in Out-of-Home Care. Children’s Well-Being: Indicators and Research, vol 22. Cham: Springer. 61-74
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26372-0_5

  • Conference papers

    • Sutcliffe, AG, Barnes, J, Belsky, J, Gardiner, J, Melhuish, EC “Health of children born to mothers aged 40 years or over, analyses of two national cohort studies”, Archives of Disease in Childhood. (Warwick University) BMJ Publishing Group. 96(A59)

  • Journal articles

    • Purkayastha, M, Roberts, SA, Gardiner, J, Brison, DR, Nelson, SM, Lawlor, D, Luke, B, Sutcliffe, A (2021) “Cohort profile: a national, population-based cohort of children born after assisted conception in the UK (1992-2009): methodology and birthweight analysis.”, BMJ open. 11(7) e050931+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050931

    • Gardiner, J, Oben, J, Sutcliffe, A (2021) “Obesity as a driver of international differences in COVID-19 death rates.”, Diabetes, obesity & metabolism. 23(7) 1463-1470.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/dom.14357

    • Eisenberg, ML, Luke, B, Cameron, K, Shaw, GM, Pacey, AA, Sutcliffe, AG, Williams, C, Gardiner, J, Anderson, RA, Baker, VL (2020) “Defining critical factors in multi-country studies of assisted reproductive technologies (ART): data from the US and UK health systems.”, Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics. 37(11) 2767-2775.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-020-01951-y

    • Melhuish, E, Gardiner, J (2019) “Structural factors and policy change as related to the quality of early childhood education and care for 3–4 year olds in the UK”, Frontiers in Education. 4
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00035

    • Bamia, C, Orfanos, P, Juerges, H, Schöttker, B, Brenner, H, Lorbeer, R, Aadahl, M, Matthews, CE, Klinaki, E, Katsoulis, M, Lagiou, P, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HBA, Eriksson, S, Mons, U, Saum, K-U, Kubinova, R, Pajak, A, Tamosiunas, A, Malyutina, S, Gardiner, J, Peasey, A, de Groot, LC, Wilsgaard, T, Boffetta, P, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D (2017) “Self-rated health and all-cause and cause-specific mortality of older adults: Individual data meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in the CHANCES Consortium.”, Maturitas. 103 37-44.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.06.023

    • Sutcliffe, AG, Gardiner, J, Melhuish, E (2017) “Educational progress of looked-after children in England: A study using group trajectory analysis”, Pediatrics. 140(3) .-..
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-0503

    • Horvat, P, Gardiner, J, Kubinova, R, Pajak, A, Tamosiunas, A, Schöttker, B, Pikhart, H, Peasey, A, Jansen, E, Bobak, M (2016) “Serum folate, vitamin B-12 and cognitive function in middle and older age: The HAPIEE study”, Experimental Gerontology. 76 33-38.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2016.01.011

    • Arnold, M, Freisling, H, Stolzenberg-Solomon, R, Kee, F, O'Doherty, MG, Ordóñez-Mena, JM, Wilsgaard, T, May, AM, Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB, Tjønneland, A, Orfanos, P, Trichopoulou, A, Boffetta, P, Bray, F, Jenab, M, Soerjomataram, I (2016) “Overweight duration in older adults and cancer risk: a study of cohorts in Europe and the United States.”, European Journal of Epidemiology. 31(9) 893-904.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-016-0169-z

    • Schöttker, B, Brenner, H, Jansen, EHJM, Gardiner, J, Peasey, A, Kubínová, R, Pająk, A, Topor-Madry, R, Tamosiunas, A, Saum, K-U, Holleczek, B, Pikhart, H, Bobak, M (2015) “Evidence for the free radical/oxidative stress theory of ageing from the CHANCES consortium: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.”, BMC medicine. 13 300+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0537-7

    • Gardiner, J, Sutcliffe, AG, Melhuish, E, Barnes, J (2015) “Paternal Age, Paternal Presence and Children's Health: An Observational Study.”, Pediatric reports. 7(1) 5659+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5659

    • Mons, U, Müezzinler, A, Gellert, C, Schöttker, B, Abnet, CC, Bobak, M, de Groot, L, Freedman, ND, Jansen, E, Kee, F, Kromhout, D, Kuulasmaa, K, Laatikainen, T, O'Doherty, MG, Bueno-de-Mesquita, B, Orfanos, P, Peters, A, van der Schouw, YT, Wilsgaard, T, Wolk, A, Trichopoulou, A, Boffetta, P, Brenner, H, CHANCES Consortium (2015) “Impact of smoking and smoking cessation on cardiovascular events and mortality among older adults: meta-analysis of individual participant data from prospective cohort studies of the CHANCES consortium.”, BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 350 h1551+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h1551

    • Barnes, J, Gardiner, J, Sutcliffe, A, Melhuish, E (2014) “The parenting of preschool children by older mothers in the United Kingdom”, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. 11(4) 397-419.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2013.863728

    • Sutcliffe, AG, Melhuish, E, Barnes, J, Gardiner, J (2014) “Health and development of children born after assisted reproductive technology and sub-fertility compared to naturally conceived children: data from a national study.”, Pediatric reports. 6(1) 5118+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5118

    • Bobak, M, Schoettker, B, Kubinova, R, Pajak, A, Tamosiunas, A, Gardiner, J, Jansen, E (2014) “The association of oxidative stress biomarkers with cardiovascular risk: prospective results from the HAPIEE cohorts”, European Heart Journal. 35 568-568.

    • Bobak, M, Pajak, A, Tamosiunas, A, Kubinova, R, Gardiner, J, Jansen, E (2014) “Plasma concentrations of folate and vitamin B12 and risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease: a nested case-control study nested in a population-based cohort”, European Heart Journal. 35 725-725.

    • Schöttker, B, Jorde, R, Peasey, A, Thorand, B, Jansen, EHJM, Groot, LD, Streppel, M, Gardiner, J, Ordóñez-Mena, JM, Perna, L, Wilsgaard, T, Rathmann, W, Feskens, E, Kampman, E, Siganos, G, Njølstad, I, Mathiesen, EB, Kubínová, R, Pająk, A, Topor-Madry, R, Tamosiunas, A, Hughes, M, Kee, F, Bobak, M, Trichopoulou, A, Boffetta, P, Brenner, H, Consortium on Health and Ageing: Network of Cohorts in Europe and the United States (2014) “Vitamin D and mortality: meta-analysis of individual participant data from a large consortium of cohort studies from Europe and the United States.”, BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 348 g3656+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g3656

    • Basatemur, E, Gardiner, J, Williams, C, Melhuish, E, Barnes, J, Sutcliffe, A (2013) “Maternal prepregnancy BMI and child cognition: a longitudinal cohort study.”, Pediatrics. 131(1) 56-63.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-0788

    • Hirose, A, Borchert, M, Niksear, H, Alkozai, AS, Gardiner, J, Filippi, V (2012) “The role of care-seeking delays in intrauterine fetal deaths among 'near-miss' women in Herat, Afghanistan.”, Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology. 26(5) 388-397.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01299.x

    • Sutcliffe, A, Barnes, J, Belsky, J, Gardiner, J, Melhuish, E (2012) “Health of children born to older mothers in the UK”, Archives of Disease in Childhood. 97(Suppl 1) A98.2-A99.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-301885.233

    • Sutcliffe, AG, Barnes, J, Belsky, J, Gardiner, J, Melhuish, E (2012) “The health and development of children born to older mothers in the United Kingdom: observational study using longitudinal cohort data.”, BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 345 e5116+.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e5116

    • Sutcliffe, AG, Barnes, J, Belsky, J, Gardiner, J, Melhuish, E (2011) “Health of children born to mothers aged 40 years or over, analyses of two national cohort studies”, Archives of Disease in Childhood. 96(Supplement 1) A59-A59.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2011.212563.135

    • Hirose, A, Borchert, M, Niksear, H, Alkozai, AS, Cox, J, Gardiner, J, Osmani, KR, Filippi, V (2011) “Difficulties leaving home: a cross-sectional study of delays in seeking emergency obstetric care in Herat, Afghanistan.”, Social science & medicine (1982). 73(7) 1003-1013.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.07.011

    • Fuller, C, Besser, S, Cookson, BD, Fragaszy, E, Gardiner, J, McAteer, J, Michie, S, Savage, J, Stone, SP (2010) “Technical note: Assessment of blinding of hand hygiene observers in randomized controlled trials of hand hygiene interventions.”, American journal of infection control. 38(4) 332-334.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2009.10.005

    • de Vries, PJ, Gardiner, J, Bolton, PF (2009) “Neuropsychological attention deficits in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).”, American journal of medical genetics. Part A. 149A(3) 387-395.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.a.32690

    • Fairchild, G, van Goozen, SHM, Stollery, SJ, Brown, J, Gardiner, J, Herbert, J, Goodyer, IM (2008) “Cortisol diurnal rhythm and stress reactivity in male adolescents with early-onset or adolescence-onset conduct disorder.”, Biological psychiatry. 64(7) 599-606.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.022

    • MELHUISH, E, Barnes, J, GARDINER, J, SIRAJ, I, SAMMONS, P, Sylva, K, Taggart, B “A study of the long-term influence of early childhood education and care on the risk for developing special educational needs”, Exceptionality Education International.
      DOI: http://doi.org/10.5206/eei.v29i3.9385

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